■ S ね(Sympathy)
Meaning: “Isn’t it? / Right?” (sharing or seeking sympathy)
ね is used to express or seek sympathy, agreement, or shared feeling.
Signals that the speaker assumes the listener feels the same way.
■ Non-past / Past
Meaning: “Present, Future tense / Past tense”
Non-past:
Vます
Adjective / Noun + です
Past:
Vました
Adjective / Noun + でした
Use the non-past form to talk about the current situation (e.g., today’s weather).
Use the past form when referring to previous events, such as yesterday’s weather or what happened before.
■ V-て います ③
Meaning: “It is currently V-ing (ongoing state or weather)”
Used to describe ongoing actions or states.
Describes what is happening right now (e.g., raining, snowing, being cloudy).
Same form as used in occupations (Book 2 – Lesson 1), but applied here to natural phenomena.
Useful expressions to memorize:
晴[は]れています(It is sunny)/くもっています(It is cloudy)/雨[あめ]が 降[ふ]っています(It is raining
■ N/ナA/イA/V-る + でしょう
Meaning: “Will probably / It will likely…”
Noun + でしょう
ナ-adjectiveな + でしょう
イ-adjectiveい + でしょう
Verb (dictionary form) + でしょう
でしょう is used to express a prediction, especially in weather forecasts.
Common in formal or forecast-related contexts, but not frequently used in daily conversation.