■ Nは 何[なん]ですか?
Meaning: “What is N?”
Used to ask about various topics by making them the subject.
何 is read as なん when followed by ですか or compound words like:
・何歳[なんさい]、何枚[なんまい]、何年[なんねん]、何月[なんがつ]、何日[なんにち]、何曜日[なんようび]、何時[なんじ]、何分[なんぷん]
It is read as なに when followed by a particle:
・何[なに]を、何[なに]が
■ どんな N
Meaning: “What kind of N?”
どんな is an interrogative adjective used before a noun.
Used to ask for the type, kind, or category of something.
■ あまり ナA-じゃないです / イA-くないです
Meaning: “Not very [adjective]”
あまり + ナ-adjective な + じゃないです
あまり + イ-adjective い + くないです
あまり is an adverb used with negative forms to show low extent.
Means “not much” or “not very.”
Similar expression: ぜんぜん (not at all) → used with negative form.
Opposite expression: とても (very) → used with positive form.
Also related: だいすき(な) for “really like.”
■ いつも/たいてい/よく/ときどき + V-ます
Meaning: “[Someone] always / mostly / often / sometimes does V.”
These adverbs express how often something happens:
・いつも – always
・たいてい – mostly / usually
・よく – often / well
・ときどき – sometimes
■ あまり/ぜんぜん + V-ません
Meaning: “[Someone] doesn’t do V much / at all.”
Used with negative verb forms to show low frequency:
・あまり – not much (+ V-ません)
・ぜんぜん – not at all (+ V-ません)
■ 【Person】と/【Place】で V-ます
Meaning: “[Someone] does V with [person] at [place].”
と indicates the person you do something with.
で indicates the place where the action happens.
The verb comes at the end of the sentence.
Other elements like time, place, and partner can be placed in flexible order before the verb.